What pre-salt means?

The pre-salt layer is a diachronous series of geological formations on the continental shelves of extensional basins formed after the break-up of Gondwana, characterised by the deposition of thick layers of evaporites, mostly salt.

What is pre-salt oil?

The Brazilian pre-salt oil region, first explored in 2006 by Petrobras, is an oil-rich offshore reserve trapped below a 2,000m-thick layer of salt, which itself is located below 2,000m-thick post-salt sediments. The pre-salt region located off the coast of Brazil is said to contain an abundance of untapped oil.

What is supra salt?

Supra-salt normal fault arrays can form in response to extension associated with differential loading of salt (i.e. gravity-spreading) and/or extension associated with tilting of salt and its overburden (i.e. gravity-gliding).

How much oil does Brazil have?

Oil Reserves in Brazil Brazil holds 16,184,100,000 barrels of proven oil reserves as of 2016, ranking 15th in the world and accounting for about 1.0\% of the world’s total oil reserves of 1,650,585,140,000 barrels. Brazil has proven reserves equivalent to 14.9 times its annual consumption.

What is FSO vessel?

A vessel used only to store oil (without processing it) is referred to as a floating storage and offloading (FSO) vessel.

How much oil does Venezuela have?

Venezuela holds 299,953,000,000 barrels of proven oil reserves as of 2016, ranking 1st in the world and accounting for about 18.2\% of the world’s total oil reserves of 1,650,585,140,000 barrels.

How much oil does Colombia have?

Colombia holds 2,308,000,000 barrels of proven oil reserves as of 2016, ranking 34th in the world and accounting for about 0.1\% of the world’s total oil reserves of 1,650,585,140,000 barrels. Colombia has proven reserves equivalent to 17.7 times its annual consumption.

What does FSO mean in oil and gas?

(Floating Storage and Offloading) FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) and FSO (Floating Storage and Offloading) systems today have become the primary method for many offshore oil and gas producing regions around the world.

What is the function of FSO?

An FSO stores and offloads hydrocarbons without hydrocarbon processing facilities.

How much oil is in the US?

The United States holds 35,230,000,000 barrels of proven oil reserves as of 2016, ranking 11th in the world and accounting for about 2.1\% of the world’s total oil reserves of 1,650,585,140,000 barrels. The United States has proven reserves equivalent to 4.9 times its annual consumption.

Who owns the oil in Colombia?

Ecopetrol
Ecopetrol is Colombia’s largest company. It produces most of the South American country’s oil and owns the two most important refineries, as well as most of the pipeline network.

What is pre-salt oil and how is it extracted?

Pre-salt oil is of good quality, although it is found in reserves that are in deep-sea areas and under thick layers of salt, requiring large-scale investment to extract it. Since 2006, Petrobras has drilled 11 oil wells in the Santos Basin, near Rio de Janeiro state. All these oil wells have been successful.

What is the pre-salt layer?

Pre-salt layer. Some of the petroleum that was generated from sediments in the pre-salt layer, has not migrated upward (see salt dome) to the post-salt layers above. This is especially common off the coast of Africa and Brazil. The total oil reserves are thought to be a significant fraction of the world’s reserves.

Why is the pre-salt so successful?

Another fact that shows the high productivity of the pre-salt is the number of producer wells compared to the output volume. In 1984, we used to need 4,108 producer wells to reach 500,000 barrels per day. In the pre-salt, we have tripled that production volume with 77 wells.

How much oil does the pre-salt cluster produce?

Our daily oil production in the pre-salt cluster has tripled in the last 4 years, from 500,000 barrels per day in 2014, to 1,500,000 barrels of oil per day in 2018.